Macedonia - General
The Greek region of Macedonia, located along the northern border of Greece, is a substantial and diverse wine-producing area. This region, spanning about 34,000 square kilometers, offers a variety of climatic and geographical conditions ideal for viticulture.
In the mountainous areas of Macedonia, the climate is predominantly continental. Due to the higher altitudes, temperatures are relatively cooler, and rainfall is more abundant throughout the year, averaging around 650-700mm. This abundant water supply is less of a concern here than in other regions. The well-known Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) areas, Naoussa and Amynteo, are in these mountainous parts. These areas are particularly famous for their cultivation of the Xinomavro grape variety.
On the other hand, the plains of Macedonia experience a warmer Mediterranean climate. These areas, being in the rain shadow of the mountains, are drier. The fertile soils in these plains are conducive to producing higher-volume wines. Despite the focus on volume, areas are also known for producing good quality wines, particularly in Drama and Kavala's Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) areas.
The history of Macedonia is deeply intertwined with wine. Ancient Macedonia, known as MakedonÃa in Greek, was a significant kingdom in northern Greece. Its history dates back to King Philip II and his son, Alexander the Great. The Macedonian kings, including Alexander, were known for their fondness for wine, with some historical anecdotes suggesting that Alexander's demise was related to a drinking bout. After various historical transitions, the region, now part of modern Greece, was defined in the early 20th century.
Macedonia's wine profile is quite distinguished. The region is traditionally known for its red wine production, with Naoussa and Amynteo being notable for producing 100% Xinomavro wines. The warmer and drier Drama Valley in the east of Macedonia is acclaimed for producing high-quality, full-bodied, modern-style Bordeaux blends. Notably, white wines from this region also have a strong reputation, with varieties like Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc grown at higher altitudes and full-bodied wines from popular Greek varieties such as Assyrtiko and Malagousia in Drama and Kavala.
The region hosts major producers like Boutari, Carras, and Tsantali, who have vineyards and wineries in Macedonia. The most important red wine varieties here include Xinomavro, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Syrah, while the key white wine varieties are Roditis, Assyrtiko, Malagousia, Chardonnay, and Sauvignon Blanc.
Overall, Macedonia's wine region is a blend of historical significance, varied climatic conditions, and a range of both traditional and modern winemaking practices, contributing to its unique and diverse wine profile.
