Soil

There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed from molten masses and can be intrusive (formed underground) or extrusive (formed on the surface). Sedimentary rocks are formed from other rocks' erosion or sediment deposits in the water. Metamorphic rocks are formed when subjected to temperature and pressure changes, causing them to transform into different types of rocks.

The rock formation cycle involves topographical relief from orogeny, volcanic activity, or basin subsidence, and rock material being eroded and deposited as sediment.

The sediments and their substratum are transformed and partially molten. Tectonic uplift caused the formation of another relief.